 The name of Jauja was imparted by the Arabas who called it “Xauxa” meaning 'passage' or 'gate', this because the region was used by the arabs as a principal connection between Granada and the plains of Écija.
From arabic times various mechanisms of irrigation have survived including the 'acequias' or channels, 'las albercas' or small reserviors etc. Jauja formed part of the arabic civilization until the end of the XIV century.
In the XVIII century, the town passed into the hand of the Dukes of Medinacelí and, from the XIX century formed part of the municipality of Lucena. The population of the town oscillates around 1000 inhabitants.
At the beginning of the XIX century, José Mª Expósito, was born in the house of the Casa Cuna de San Juan de Dios in Lucena. The child was orphaned early in life and was adopted by the Hinojosa Cobacho family who lived in Jauja. He took the name of the family into which he had been taken and, years later, would be known as José Mª El Tempranillo, the most famous bandit of all the Andalusian bandits.
The boy lived and grew up in Jauja in a house whose family worked the land as daily workers, a work that El Temperanillo did until he decided that a life of crime would be more productive. It was then that he decided to live in the mountains.
Not far from Jauja are the mountains of San Miguel, where popular tradition places José Mª's conversion into a bandit. The romeria of the mountains of San Miguel is celebrated in a small hermitage of the same name and, the story is told that it was here that José Mª Hinojosa killed a man in a fight over a girl with the result that he had no other alternative but to flee to the mountains, given that the penalty for murder was death. It was here that he became el Tempranillo.
The nickname of el Tempranillo comes from the tender age that our hero was when he was forced to flee for his life.
Text provided by the Fundación for the deelopement of villages along the route of el Tempranillo
More information: http://rutadeltempranillo.org/
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